A number of patterns have emerged among the people President-elect Donald J. Trump has indicated he wants to fill his cabinet and other senior-level positions in his administration.
Some points of commonality are historically typical among senior White House and cabinet officials — Harvard, Yale and Princeton are well represented among his selections’ alma maters, for instance. Other uniting factors are unprecedented: Many on the list have denied or questioned the results of the 2020 presidential election, often a prerequisite for gaining Mr. Trump’s favor. And some lack the traditionalqualifications shared by their predecessors.
Indeed, it appears that the most important qualifier in Mr. Trump’s mind has been fealtytohim, which many of his picks have demonstrated in various ways over the past few years.
See some of the links between more than 60 potential members (in some cases pending confirmation) of the incoming administration, below.
Mr. Trump has picked two billionaires to lead key economic departments, raising questions about whether his administration will follow through on promises to boost the working class.
Scott Bessent, his choice for treasury secretary, is a hedge fund manager who invested money for George Soros, a liberal philanthropist, for more than a decade. Howard Lutnick, his pick for commerce secretary, is a Wall Street executive. Both Mr. Bessent and Mr. Lutnick have been vocal in their support for Mr. Trump’s plan to impose tariffs on imports, although they may prefer a more targeted approach.
Billionaire entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy will lead what Mr. Trump is calling the Department of Government Efficiency. Mr. Trump has said the new initiative would operate outside of the government and offer input to federal officials.
The president-elect has also selected major campaign donors for key positions, including four to lead cabinet agencies: Mr. Lutnick and Mr. Bessent, as well as Chris Wright to lead the Energy Department and Linda McMahon to lead the Education Department. (Ms. McMahon and Mr. Lutnick are also co-chairs of the Trump transition.) As of the last federal filing, their contributions to support Mr. Trump during the 2024 election cycle ranged from $350,000 to $20 million.
John Phelan, Mr. Trump’s pick for Navy secretary, and his wife, Amy, donated more than $1 million to Mr. Trump’s joint fund-raising campaign committee.
Steven Witkoff, a billionaire real estate mogul who has given nearly $2 million to Mr. Trump’s political causes over the past decade, was named special envoy to the Middle East. He was on the golf course with Mr. Trump in September during a second assassination attempt.
Mr. Musk poured at least $75 million into a new pro-Trump super PAC and promised on Oct. 19 to award one voter $1 million every day through Election Day. The Justice Department warned Mr. Musk that the giveaway might be illegal, but a judge in Philadelphia refused to halt the sweepstakes.
Charles Kushner, Mr. Trump’s pick for ambassador to France, is a real estate executive who gave at least $2 million to support Mr. Trump.
After Mr. Trump left the White House, Mar-a-Lago became the headquarters of the MAGA movement. Events hosted by right-wing organizations and politicians there largely replaced traditional Palm Beach society galas on the resort’s calendar, as a visit became an essential rite for many Republican candidates.
Many of Mr. Trump’s recent picks were regular fixtures at Mar-a-Lago during this time. Some did more than visit, choosing to host expensive receptions on the property. As Mar-a-Lago’s owner, Mr. Trump is the beneficiary of its profits.
Mr. Trump’s criminal trial in Manhattan was a staging ground for allies to prove their loyalty. Several of his recent picks traveled to New York in the spring to show support. Some were there in a professional context. Todd Blanche, Mr. Trump’s choice for deputy attorney general, was one of his trial lawyers, and Susie Wiles, Mr. Trump’s incoming chief of staff, was co-chair of his 2024 presidential campaign.
Others, like Vice President-elect JD Vance and Doug Burgum, Mr. Trump’s pick for interior secretary, attended the trial as spectators and attacked members of the presiding judge’s family on behalf of Mr. Trump, who was under a rule of silence. Both were considered potential running mates at the time.
Mr. Trump spent much of the campaign distancing himself from Project 2025, a sprawling initiative spearheaded by the Heritage Foundation that included a “blueprint” document for a new conservative administration that was authored in part by former Trump staffers. But since winning the election, Mr. Trump has picked at least seven people with ties to the controversial conservative policy initiative to serve in his administration.
Project 2025 also includes a database of Heritage-vetted personnel intended to help a Republican president build rank-and-file staff. It remains to be seen to what extent those candidates will be hired in the new administration.
The America First Policy Institute, which like the Heritage Foundation is a pro-Trump think tank, is also heavily represented in his picks so far. At least 11 of the people among his picks have ties to the upstart policy group. Much like Project 2025, the think tank has prepared staffing plans and a policy agenda, and it reportedly has drafted nearly 300 executive orders ready for Mr. Trump’s signature.
Some of Mr. Trump’s appointees are closely linked to Fox as either hosts, former hosts or contributors. Pete Hegseth was a host on “Fox & Friends” until he became Mr. Trump’s pick for defense secretary. Mr. Hegseth’s co-host was Rachel Campos-Duffy, who is married to Sean Duffy, Mr. Trump’s cabinet pick for transportation secretary. Mr. Duffy also co-hosted a show on Fox Business.
Mr. Trump’s choice for ambassador to Israel, Mike Huckabee, hosted a show on Fox for seven years. More recently, Mr. Ramaswamy was tapped to host a five-part series on Fox Nation.
Many more figures in Mr. Trump’s orbit are frequent guests on Fox News, and several not counted here have contributed digital columns to the Fox News website. Mr. Wright caught Mr. Trump’s attention in part through his appearances on Fox News.
The revolving door between lobbying and government is a tradition in Washington — and one of the practices Mr. Trump pledged to eliminate when he said he would “drain the swamp.” But some of the people Mr. Trump has tapped for his administration have deep ties to that very swamp.
Ms. Wiles was registered as a lobbyist until early this year. Pam Bondi, Mr. Trump’s choice for attorney general, joined a lobbying firm run by a prominent Florida fund-raiser after she finished her second term as Florida attorney general. Mr. Duffy lobbied for a coalition of airlines in 2020.
Some of Mr. Trump’s selections not shown here have acted as lobbyists without officially registering — another longstanding custom in the nation’s capital. Russell T. Vought, Mr. Trump’s choice to lead the Office of Management and Budget, noted in paperwork for his 2017 Senate confirmation hearing that he had “engaged in grassroots lobbying.”
More than two dozen of Mr. Trump’s cabinet and other senior-level picks also served in some capacity in his first administration.
Some have been chosen for roles related to their previous jobs. Thomas Homan was the acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement during Mr. Trump’s first term and has been named the border czar, a position that does not require Senate confirmation, for the coming term.
Others have been tapped for roles less related to their previous positions. Ms. McMahon was the administrator of the Small Business Administration from 2017 to 2019, and she is now Mr. Trump’s choice for education secretary.
Several on this list did not have official, full-time jobs during Mr. Trump’s last term, but they were chosen by him to sit on advisory boards. Those people include Mr. Witkoff, Mr. Huckabee and Mr. Musk.
Explore the members of Mr. Trump’s proposed senior staff below.
Scott Bessent
Potential role
Treasury secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Jay Bhattacharya
Potential role
National Institutes of Health director
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
James Blair
Potential role
White House deputy chief of staff
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Todd Blanche
Potential role
Deputy attorney general
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Pam Bondi
Potential role
Attorney general
Role in first term
Member of board of trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Massad Boulos
Potential role
Senior adviser for Arab and Middle Eastern affairs
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
James Braid
Potential role
White House legislative affairs director
Role in first term
Deputy to the associate director for
legislative affairs
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Taylor Budowich
Potential role
White House deputy chief of staff
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Doug Burgum
Potential role
Interior secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Brendan Carr
Potential role
F.C.C. chairman
Role in first term
F.C.C. commissioner
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Lori Chavez-DeRemer
Potential role
Labor secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Steven Cheung
Potential role
White House communications director
Role in first term
White House director of strategic response
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Doug Collins
Potential role
Veterans affairs secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Sean Duffy
Potential role
Transportation secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
Yes
Tulsi Gabbard
Potential role
Director of national intelligence
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Sergio Gor
Potential role
White House director of personnel
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Sebastian Gorka
Potential role
Deputy assistant to the president and senior director for counterterrorism
Role in first term
Deputy assistant to the president and strategist
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Jamieson Greer
Potential role
U.S. trade representative
Role in first term
Chief of staff to trade representative
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Vince Haley
Potential role
Director of the Domestic Policy Council
Role in first term
Deputy assistant to the president
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Kevin Hassett
Potential role
Director of White House National Economic Council
Role in first term
Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Pete Hegseth
Potential role
Defense secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Pete Hoekstra
Potential role
Ambassador to Canada
Role in first term
Ambassador to the Netherlands
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Thomas Homan
Potential role
Border czar
Role in first term
Acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Mike Huckabee
Potential role
Ambassador to Israel
Role in first term
Member of board of trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Keith Kellogg
Potential role
Special envoy to Ukraine and Russia
Role in first term
National security adviser to the vice president
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Potential role
Health and human services secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Charles Kushner
Potential role
Ambassador to France
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Alex Latcham
Potential role
White House public liaison director
Role in first term
Special assistant to the president
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Karoline Leavitt
Potential role
White House press secretary
Role in first term
Assistant White House press secretary
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Howard Lutnick
Potential role
Commerce secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Martin A. Makary
Potential role
F.D.A. commissioner
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Bill McGinley
Potential role
White House counsel
Role in first term
White House cabinet secretary
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Linda McMahon
Potential role
Education secretary
Role in first term
Small business administrator
Billionare
—
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Stephen Miller
Potential role
White House deputy chief of staff
Role in first term
Senior adviser
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Elon Musk
Potential role
Co-lead, government efficiency
Role in first term
Member of Great American Economic Revival industry group
Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Janette Nesheiwat
Potential role
U.S. surgeon general
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Kristi Noem
Potential role
Homeland security secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Jim O’Neill
Potential role
Deputy secretary of health and human services
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Mehmet Oz
Potential role
Medicare and Medicaid administrator
Role in first term
Member of president’s council on sports, fitness and nutrition
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Kash Patel
Potential role
F.B.I. director
Role in first term
Chief of staff to acting defense secretary
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
John Phelan
Potential role
Navy secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Matt Brasseaux
Potential role
White House political affairs director
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Vivek Ramaswamy
Potential role
Co-lead, government efficiency
Role in first term
—
Billionare
Yes
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
John Ratcliffe
Potential role
C.I.A. director
Role in first term
Director of national intelligence
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Brooke Rollins
Potential role
Agriculture secretary
Role in first term
Acting domestic policy adviser
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Marco Rubio
Potential role
Secretary of state
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
D. John Sauer
Potential role
U.S. solicitor general
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Dan Scavino
Potential role
White House deputy chief of staff
Role in first term
White House deputy chief of staff
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Will Scharf
Potential role
White House staff secretary
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Elise Stefanik
Potential role
U.N. ambassador
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Scott Turner
Potential role
Housing and urban development secretary
Role in first term
Executive director of White House opportunity and revitalization council
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
JD Vance
Potential role
Vice president
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Russell T. Vought
Potential role
Office of Management and Budget director
Role in first term
Office of Management and Budget director
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Michael Waltz
Potential role
National security adviser
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
Yes
Lobbyist
—
Dave Weldon
Potential role
C.D.C. director
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Matthew Whitaker
Potential role
NATO ambassador
Role in first term
Acting attorney general
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
Yes
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
Yes
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Susie Wiles
Potential role
White House chief of staff
Role in first term
—
Billionare
—
Major donor
—
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
Yes
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
Yes
Steven Witkoff
Potential role
Middle East envoy
Role in first term
Member of Great American Economic Revival industry group
Billionare
Yes
Major donor
Yes
Events at Mar-a-Lago
—
Attended N.Y. trial
—
Ties to Proj. 2025 or AFPI
—
Ties to Fox
—
Lobbyist
—
Alex Wong
Potential role
Assistant to the president and principal deputy national security adviser
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